See my Github Issue : https://github.com/symfony/symfony/issues/45244.

1. Install PHP 8.1 (Thread Safe).
2. Install XDebug extension 3.1.2 (Thread Safe) and enable it in thephp.ini file of your related PHP version.
3. Install composer.
4. Install the dependency "symfony/cache" (version 6.0) with composer (command: composer require symfony/cache:6.0).
5. Run the piece of code below:

<?php

use Symfony\Component\Cache\Adapter\PhpFilesAdapter;

require __DIR__ . '/vendor/autoload.php';

$pool = new PhpFilesAdapter('bar', 0, __DIR__ . '/cache');

$data = $pool->get('foo',  fn (): mixed => [1, 2, 3]);

var_dump($data);

6. The var_dump does not display any information: the script completely shut down.
7. Now disable the XDebug extension in thephp.ini file of your related PHP version.
8. Try again the piece of PHP code, and now everything works again.